La cúpula de la macsura de la mezquita de Córdoba y la fachada del mihrab tienen doscientos metros cuadrados de mosaicos. La cúpula precede al mihrab, así como a las dos portadas adyacentes que dan paso al tesoro y al sabat y que datan de los años 965 y 971. Nada similar se ha conservado en España. Al-Hakam quiso emular las grandes obras que realizaron sus predecesores en las mezquitas de Damasco y Jerusalén, con mosaicos bizantinos muy parecidos a los que hoy vemos en Córdoba. Las teselas son de forma cuadrangular y apenas superan un centímetro en cada uno de sus lados. Están realizadas en pasta de vidrio, en caliza, en cerámica e incluso en mármol, y se han llegado a identificar diecinueve colores, entre los que destaca el oro, el rojo, el verde y el azul. Representan motivos vegetales, epigráficos y geométricos. Las fuentes nos han permitido conocer que el propio al-Hakam pidió ayuda al emperador de Bizancio para poder realizar esta maravillosa obra. El cronista Ibn ‘Idari nos dice: "En el año 965 se terminó la cúpula que dominaba el mihrab, trabajo que formaba parte de la ampliación de la mezquita. Fue en el mes de junio. Es este mismo año se llevó a cabo la instalación del mosaico que había enviado el rey de Bizancio. Al-Hakam le había escrito pidiéndole que le mandase un artesano, en imitación de los que había hecho el califa al-Walid ibn ‘Abd al-Malik en la construcción de la Mezquita de Damasco. Volvió la misión diplomática de al-Hakam con el artesano y con trescientos veinte quintales de teselas de mosaico que enviaba el rey de Bizancio como regalo. El califa ordenó albergar y tratar con toda generosidad al artesano, nombrando a un grupo de esclavos para que aprendiesen el oficio con él; se pusieron manos a la obra y pronto aprendieron e incluso superaron al maestro bizantino, de manera que éste volvió a su patria colmado de regalos por el califa, y los esclavos siguieron solos, demostrando que eran los más hábiles artesanos de la tierra." Arquitectónicamente es un nuevo tipo de cúpula, llamada califal, compuesta por ocho nervios estructurales que se entrecruzan, pero no en el centro, dibujando un polígono estrellado. via 500px http://j.mp/1pzkJKr
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